The Preparation of Phosphonic Acids Having Labile Functional Groups

the effect of functional/notional approach on the proficiency level of efl learners and its evaluation through functional test

in fact, this study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any difference between the effect of functional/notional approach and the structural approaches to language teaching on the proficiency test of efl learners? 2. can a rather innovative language test referred to as "functional test" ge devised so so to measure the proficiency test of efl learners, and thus be as much reliable an...

Phosphonic acid: preparation and applications

The phosphonic acid functional group, which is characterized by a phosphorus atom bonded to three oxygen atoms (two hydroxy groups and one P=O double bond) and one carbon atom, is employed for many applications due to its structural analogy with the phosphate moiety or to its coordination or supramolecular properties. Phosphonic acids were used for their bioactive properties (drug, pro-drug), f...

A Density Functional Theory Study of Structure of Phosphonic Acid

The molecular structure of the stable conformation of phosphonic acid in gas phase has beencomputed by employing complete geometry optimization in Density Functional Theory(DFT) methods. The methods used for calculations are B3LYP, BP86 and B3PW91 that havebeen studied in two series of basis sets: D95** and 6-31+G(d,p) for hydrogen and oxygenatoms; LANL2DZ for phosphorus. Bond lengths and angle...

New strategy for the synthesis of functionalized phosphonic acids

Various approaches leading to mono-, diand poly-functionalized phosphonates as well as phosphoryl heterocycles were reported for the systematic study of relationship between chemical structure and biological activities of this most important class of organophosphorus compounds. Introduction Functionalization of phosphonic acid molecules opens enoi-nious possibilities of structural variation of ...

Ruthenium(II)-Pyridylamine Complexes Having Functional Groups via Amide Linkages